Biotin-GHK (Biotinylated Copper Peptide)

Research-Grade

Biotin-GHK (Biotin-Gly-His-Lys) is a chimeric peptide conjugate that links biotin (vitamin B7, vitamin H) to the N-terminus of the copper-binding tripeptide GHK (Gly-His-Lys). This design combines two distinct biological activities in a single molecule: the well-characterized collagen synthesis stimulation, wound healing, and antioxidant properties of GHK-Cu with the keratin structural support and hair follicle metabolism enhancement attributed to biotin. The conjugation strategy aims to deliver both activities to the same tissue site simultaneously, creating a multifunctional topical active for hair growth, nail strengthening, and skin rejuvenation applications. The GHK portion of the molecule retains its ability to chelate copper(II) ions through the histidine imidazole nitrogen and the N-terminal amine, forming the Biotin-GHK-Cu complex. Copper binding is essential for the collagen-stimulating, SOD mimetic, and angiogenic activities of the GHK pharmacophore. The biotinyl group at the N-terminus does not interfere with copper coordination (which occurs at His2 and the Gly1 backbone) but may alter cellular uptake through interaction with the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) that actively transports biotin across cell membranes. This transporter-mediated uptake could enhance the intracellular delivery of the copper peptide compared to unconjugated GHK-Cu, which relies primarily on passive diffusion and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Biotin's role in the conjugate extends beyond simple delivery enhancement. Free biotin is a cofactor for carboxylase enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis — processes essential for keratinocyte proliferation and keratin production. Biotin deficiency is associated with hair loss, brittle nails, and dermatitis, and biotin supplementation has shown benefit in these conditions. By delivering biotin directly to the hair follicle and nail matrix alongside the copper peptide growth signal, Biotin-GHK-Cu addresses both the structural building block (biotin for keratin) and the growth signaling (GHK-Cu for follicle activation) requirements for hair and nail health. Biotin-GHK remains a niche cosmeceutical ingredient with limited independent clinical validation. The majority of published data comes from ingredient suppliers and cosmetic manufacturers. No drug regulatory approval exists in any jurisdiction.